HIVSigmoidByYearAndSexDiagnostic

The HIVSigmoidByYearAndSexDiagnostic intervention class builds on HIVSimpleDiagnostic by allowing the probability of “positive diagnosis” to be configured sigmoidally in time. For a linear approach, use HIVPiecewiseByYearandSexDiagnostic.

Note

Parameters are case-sensitive. For Boolean parameters, set to 1 for true or 0 for false. Minimum, maximum, or default values of “NA” indicate that those values are not applicable for that parameter.

EMOD does not use true defaults; that is, if the dependency relationships indicate that a parameter is required, you must supply a value for it. However, many of the tools used to work with EMOD will use the default values provided below.

JSON does not permit comments, but you can add “dummy” parameters to add contextual information to your files.

The table below describes all possible parameters with which this class can be configured. The JSON example that follows shows one potential configuration.

Parameter

Data type

Minimum

Maximum

Default

Description

Example

Base_Sensitivity

float

0

1

1

The sensitivity of the diagnostic. This sets the proportion of the time that individuals with the condition being tested receive a positive diagnostic test. When set to 1, the diagnostic always accurately reflects the condition. When set to zero, then individuals who have the condition always receive a false-negative diagnostic test.

 
{
    "Base_Sensitivity": 0.8
}

Base_Specificity

float

0

1

1

The specificity of the diagnostic. This sets the proportion of the time that individuals without the condition being tested receive a negative diagnostic test. When set to 1, the diagnostic always accurately reflects the lack of having the condition. When set to zero, then individuals who do not have the condition always receive a false-positive diagnostic test.

 
{
    "Base_Specificity": 0.9
}

Cost_To_Consumer

float

0

3.40E+3

1

The unit ‘cost’ assigned to the diagnostic. Setting Cost_To_Consumer to zero for all other interventions, and to a non-zero amount for one intervention, provides a convenient way to track the number of times the intervention has been applied in a simulation.

 
{
    "Cost_To_Consumer": 0.333
}

Days_To_Diagnosis

float

0

3.40E+3

0

The number of days from test until diagnosis.

 
{
    "Days_To_Diagnosis": 0.0
}

Disqualifying_Properties

array of strings

NA

NA

[]

A list of IndividualProperty key:value pairs that cause an intervention to be aborted (persistent interventions will stop being distributed to individuals with these values). See NodeProperties and IndividualProperties parameters for more information. Generally used to control the flow of health care access. For example, to prevent the same individual from accessing health care via two different routes at the same time.

 
{
    "Disqualifying_Properties": [
        "InterventionStatus:LostForever"
    ]
}

Dont_Allow_Duplicates

boolean

0

1

0

If an individual’s container has an intervention, set to true (1) to prevent them from receiving another copy of the intervention. Supported by all intervention classes.

 
{
    "Dont_Allow_Duplicates": 0
}

Enable_IsSymptomatic

boolean

0

1

0

If true (1), requires an infection to be symptomatic to return a positive test.

 
{
    "Enable_IsSymptomatic": 1,
    "Base_Specificity": 0.85,
    "Base_Sensitivity": 0.92
}

Event_Or_Config

enum

NA

NA

Config

Specifies whether the current intervention (or a positive diagnosis, depending on the intervention class) distributes a nested intervention (the Config option) or an event will be broadcast which may trigger other interventions in the campaign file (the Event option). Possible values are:

  • Event

  • Config

 
{
    "Event_Or_Config": "Config"
}

Female_Multiplier

float

0

3.40E+3

1

Allows for the sigmoid time-varying probability to be different for males and females, by multiplying the female probability by a constant value.

 
{
    "Female_Multiplier": 1.3
}

Intervention_Name

string

NA

NA

NA

The optional name used to refer to this intervention as a means to differentiate it from others that use the same class.

 
{
    "Intervention_Config": {
        "class": "HIVSigmoidByYearAndSexDiagnostic",
        "Intervention_Name": "Sigmoidal HIV diagnostic test"
    }
}

Negative_Diagnosis_Event

enum

NA

NA

“”

If an individual tests negative, this specifies an event that may trigger another intervention when the event occurs. Only used when Event_Or_Config is set to Event. See Event list for possible values.

 
{
    "Negative_Diagnosis_Event": "PreDebut"
}

New_Property_Value

string

NA

NA

NA

An optional IndividualProperty key:value pair that will be assigned when the intervention is distributed. See NodeProperties and IndividualProperties parameters for more information. Generally used to indicate the broad category of health care cascade to which an intervention belongs to prevent individuals from accessing care through multiple pathways. For example, if an individual must already be taking a particular medication to be prescribed a new one.

 
{
    "New_Property_Value": "InterventionStatus:None"
}

Positive_Diagnosis_Config

JSON object

NA

NA

NA

The intervention distributed to individuals if they test positive. Only used when Event_Or_Config is set to Config.

 
{
    "Positive_Diagnosis_Config": {
        "class": "MultiInterventionDistributor",
        "Intervention_List": [
            {
                "Cost_To_Consumer": 0.333,
                "Secondary_Decay_Time_Constant": 1,
                "Vaccine_Take": 1,
                "Vaccine_Type": "AcquisitionBlocking",
                "class": "SimpleVaccine",
                "Waning_Config": {
                    "Box_Duration": 3650,
                    "Initial_Effect": 0.1,
                    "class": "WaningEffectBox"
                }
            }
        ]
    }
}

Positive_Diagnosis_Event

enum

NA

NA

“”

If the test is positive, this specifies an event that can trigger another intervention when the event occurs. Only used if Event_Or_Config is set to Event. See Event list for possible values.

 
{
    "Intervention_Config": {
        "Base_Sensitivity": 1.0,
        "Base_Specificity": 1.0,
        "Cost_To_Consumer": 0.0,
        "Days_To_Diagnosis": 0.0,
        "Event_Or_Config": "Event",
        "Positive_Diagnosis_Event": "TestedPositive_CureMeNow",
        "Treatment_Fraction": 1.0,
        "class": "SimpleDiagnostic"
    }
}

Ramp_Max

float

-1

1

1

The right asymptote for the sigmoid trend over time.

 
{
    "Ramp_Min": 0.05,
    "Ramp_Max": 0.6,
    "Ramp_MidYear": 2000,
    "Ramp_Rate": 1
}

Ramp_MidYear

float

-3.40E+3

3.40E+3

2000

The time of the infection point in the sigmoid trend over time.

 
{
    "Ramp_Min": 0.05,
    "Ramp_Max": 0.6,
    "Ramp_MidYear": 2000,
    "Ramp_Rate": 1
}

Ramp_Min

float

-1

1

1

The left asymptote for the sigmoid trend over time.

 
{
    "Ramp_Min": 0.05,
    "Ramp_Max": 0.6,
    "Ramp_MidYear": 2000,
    "Ramp_Rate": 1
}

Ramp_Rate

float

0

1

1

The slope of the inflection point in the sigmoid trend over time. A Rate of 1 sets the slope to a 25% change in probability per year.

 
{
    "Ramp_Min": 0.05,
    "Ramp_Max": 0.6,
    "Ramp_MidYear": 2000,
    "Ramp_Rate": 1
}

Time_Value_Map

JSON object

NA

NA

NA

The years (times) and matching probabilities for test results. This parameter uses InterpolatedValueMap to define Times (by year) and Values for the history and expected treatment guidelines for future years. This creates a JSON structure containing one array of Times and one for Values, which allows for a time-variable probability that can take on any shape over time. When queried at a simulation year corresponding to one of the listed Times, it returns the corresponding Value. When queried earlier than the first listed Time, it returns the default Value. When queried in between listed Times, it either returns the Value for the most recent past time (when Interpolation_Order is 0) or linearly interpolates Values between Times (when Interpolation_Order is 1). When queried after the last Time in the list, it returns the last Value. The Times and Values must be of equal length, and can consist of a single value. Times must monotonically increase.

 
{
    "Time_Value_Map": {
        "Times": [
            1998,
            2000,
            2003,
            2006,
            2009
        ],
        "Values": [
            0,
            0.26,
            0.08,
            0.14,
            0.54
        ]
    }
}

Treatment_Fraction

float

0

1

1

The fraction of positive diagnoses that are treated.

 
{
    "Intervention_Config": {
        "Base_Sensitivity": 1.0,
        "Base_Specificity": 1.0,
        "Cost_To_Consumer": 0.0,
        "Days_To_Diagnosis": 0.0,
        "Event_Or_Config": "Event",
        "Positive_Diagnosis_Event": "TestedPositive_CureMeNow",
        "Treatment_Fraction": 1.0,
        "class": "SimpleDiagnostic"
    }
}

{
    "Campaign_Name": "1d_MaleCircumcision_at_Age_18",
    "Default_Campaign_Path": "defaults/hiv_default_campaign.json",
    "Use_Defaults": 1,
    "Events":
    [
        {
            "class": "CampaignEventByYear",
            "Event_Name": "Male circumcision at birth",
            "Start_Year": 1990,
            "Nodeset_Config":
            {
                "class": "NodeSetAll"
            },
            "Event_Coordinator_Config":
            {
                "class": "StandardInterventionDistributionEventCoordinator",
                "Intervention_Config":
                {
                    "class": "BirthTriggeredIV",
                    "Target_Demographic": "ExplicitGender",
                    "Target_Gender": "Male",
                    "Demographic_Coverage": 1,
                    "Actual_IndividualIntervention_Config":
                    {
                        "class": "HIVSigmoidByYearAndSexDiagnostic",
                        "New_Property_Value": "InterventionStatus:None",
                        "Ramp_Min": 0.0,
                        "Ramp_Max": 0.3,
                        "Ramp_MidYear": 2002.0,
                        "Ramp_Rate": 0.5,
                        "Positive_Diagnosis_Event": "HIVNeedsMaleCircumcision"
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    ]
}