Individual-level interventions¶
Individual-level interventions determine what will be distributed to individuals to reduce the spread of a disease. For example, distributing vaccines or drugs are individual-level interventions. In the schema, these are labeled as IndividualTargeted.
It is also possible (but not required) to configure why a particular intervention is distributed by adding trigger conditions to the intervention. For example, interventions can be triggered by notifications broadcast after some an event, such as Births (the individual’s own birth), GaveBirth, NewInfectionEvent, and more. It’s also possible to have one intervention trigger another intervention by asking the first intervention to broadcast a unique string, and having the second intervention be triggered upon receipt of that string. See Event list.
Individual-level interventions can be used as part of configuring a cascade of care along with the individual properties set in the demographics file. Use Disqualifying_Properties to disqualify individuals who would otherwise receive the intervention and New_Property_Value to assign a new value when the intervention is received. For example, you can assign a property value after receiving the first-line treatment for a disease and prevent anyone from receiving the second-line treatment unless they have that property value and are still symptomatic.
Vector control¶
The following individual-level interventions are commonly used for vector control.
Intervention Target life stage Target biting preference Target biting location Effect HumanHostSeekingTrap feeding cycle human killing IRSHousingModification feeding cycle human indoor killing, blocking Ivermectin feeding cycle human all killing ScreeningHousingModification feeding cycle human indoor killing, blocking SimpleBednet feeding cycle human indoor killing, blocking SimpleIndividualRepellent feeding cycle human all blocking SpatialRepellentHousingModification feeding cycle human indoor killing, blocking
Summary table of individual-level interventions¶
The following table provides an at-a-glance overview of the individual-level interventions.
Intervention Short description Able to be serialized? Uses insecticides Time-based expiration? Purge existing? Vector killing contributes to: Vector effects AdherentDrug Model adherence with AntimalarialDrug Y Y/N AntimalarialDrug Distribute one drug to an individual Y Sort of BitingRisk Adjust an individual’s relative chance of getting bitten by a mosquito Sort of Sort of BroadcastEvent Send an event to an individual BroadcastEventToOtherNodes Send an event to individuals in other nodes ControlledVaccine Manage how an individual receives a vaccine Y Y Controlled DelayedIntervention Wait before sending event or intervention Y Y HumanHostSeekingTrap Attracts and kills host-seeking mosquitoes Y Y Indoor Die Before Feeding Attracting, killing ImmunityBloodTest Check if an individual’s immunity meets a specified threshold Y IndividualImmunityChanger Not tested with Malaria Y IRSHousingModification Indoor Residual Spraying for an individual Y Y Y Indoor Die After Feeding Repelling, killing IVCalendar Distribute an intervention to an indivdiual when they reach a specific age Y Sort of Ivermectin Kill vectors feeding on human Y Y Sort of Y Indoor/Outdoor Die After Feeding Killing MalariaDiagnostic Test if an individual is infected Y/N MigrateIndividuals Schedule a trip for a single individual Y/N MultiEffectBoosterVaccine Not tested with Malaria Y MultiEffectVaccine Not tested with Malaria Y Wanning Effect Expiration MultiInsecticideIRSHousingModification Individual IRS involving multiple insecticides Y Y Y Indoor Die Before/After Feeding Repelling, killing MultiInsecticideUsageDependentBednet ITN treated with multiple insecticides Y Y Y By Name Indoor Die Before/After Feeding Repelling, blocking, killing MultiInterventionDistributor Distribute multiple interventions instead of one Y/N MultiPackComboDrug Control doses of multiple drugs Y OutbreakIndividual Infect individuals N OutbreakIndividualMalariaGenetics Infect individuals with a specific parasite genome N OutbreakIndividualMalariaVarGenes Infect individuals with specific antigen values N PropertyValueChanger Change an individual’s IndividualProperty value Y RTSSVaccine Boost CSP antibody Y ScreeningHousingModification Modify an individual’s house with screens that kill and block vectors Y Y Y Indoor- Die Before/After Feeding Repelling, killing SimpleBednet Insecticide Treated Net (ITN) Y Y Wanning Effect Expiration By Name Indoor- Die Before/After Feeding Repelling, blocking, killing SimpleBoosterVaccine Not tested with Malaria Y SimpleDiagnostic Test if an individual is infected using sensitivity and specificity diagnostics Y/N SimpleHealthSeekingBehavior Randomly distribute interventions or events to individuals Y/N SimpleHousingModification Block & kill vectors at an individual’s house Y Y Y Indoor Die Before/After Feeding Repelling, killing SimpleIndividualRepellent Block vectors from biting an individual Y Y Repelling SimpleVaccine Modify the acquisition, transmission, and mortality effects by distributing a vaccine Y Wanning Effect Expiration SpatialRepellentHousingModification Block vectors from an individual’s house Y Y Y Repelling StandardDiagnostic Test if individuals are infected using sensitivity and specificity diagnostics Y/N UsageDependentBednet Control when individuals use bednets (ITN) Y Y Y By Name Indoor Die Before/After Feeding Repelling, blocking, killing
- AdherentDrug
- AntimalarialDrug
- BitingRisk
- BroadcastEvent
- BroadcastEventToOtherNodes
- ControlledVaccine
- DelayedIntervention
- HumanHostSeekingTrap
- ImmunityBloodTest
- IndividualImmunityChanger
- IRSHousingModification
- IVCalendar
- Ivermectin
- MalariaDiagnostic
- MigrateIndividuals
- MultiEffectBoosterVaccine
- MultiEffectVaccine
- MultiInsecticideIRSHousingModification
- MultiInsecticideUsageDependentBednet
- MultiInterventionDistributor
- MultiPackComboDrug
- OutbreakIndividual
- OutbreakIndividualMalariaGenetics
- OutbreakIndividualMalariaVarGenes
- PropertyValueChanger
- RTSSVaccine
- ScreeningHousingModification
- SimpleBednet
- SimpleBoosterVaccine
- SimpleDiagnostic
- SimpleHealthSeekingBehavior
- SimpleHousingModification
- SimpleIndividualRepellent
- SimpleVaccine
- SpatialRepellentHousingModification
- StandardDiagnostic
- UsageDependentBednet